まずはアップグレード前に現在のシステムを更新しておく。とりあえず再起動掛けておく。
# apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get clean Hit http://ftp.jp.debian.org wheezy Release.gpg Hit http://ftp.jp.debian.org wheezy Release Hit http://security.debian.org wheezy/updates Release.gpg Hit http://ftp.jp.debian.org wheezy/main Sources Hit http://security.debian.org wheezy/updates Release Hit http://ftp.jp.debian.org wheezy/main amd64 Packages Hit http://ftp.jp.debian.org wheezy/main Translation-en Hit http://security.debian.org wheezy/updates/main Sources Hit http://security.debian.org wheezy/updates/main amd64 Packages Hit http://security.debian.org wheezy/updates/main Translation-en Reading package lists... Done Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages have been kept back: xserver-xorg-input-all The following packages will be upgraded: linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64 linux-libc-dev 2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded. Need to get 24.3 MB of archives. After this operation, 2545 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates/main linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64 amd64 3.2.68-1+deb7u1 [23.5 MB] Get:2 http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates/main linux-libc-dev amd64 3.2.68-1+deb7u1 [839 kB] Fetched 24.3 MB in 2s (9091 kB/s) Reading changelogs... Done Preconfiguring packages ... (Reading database ... 156372 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64 3.2.65-1+deb7u2 (using .../linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64_3.2.68-1+deb7u1_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64 ... Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.2.0-4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 Preparing to replace linux-libc-dev:amd64 3.2.65-1+deb7u2 (using .../linux-libc-dev_3.2.68-1+deb7u1_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement linux-libc-dev:amd64 ... Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64 (3.2.68-1+deb7u1) ... Running depmod. Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-4-amd64 run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.2.0-4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-4-amd64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64 Found Debian GNU/Linux (6.0.5) on /dev/vda1 done Setting up linux-libc-dev:amd64 (3.2.68-1+deb7u1) ... # shutdown -r now
その後再度Openvpnネットワーク経由でsshログイン。セッションが切れても大丈夫なようにscreen起動しておく。
$ ssh -X -l ******** 192.168.40.6 Enter passphrase for key '/****************/.ssh/id_rsa': $ screen -D -RR
apt の pin 状態を確認
# cat /etc/apt/preferences cat: /etc/apt/preferences: No such file or directory # cat /etc/apt/preferences.d/* cat: /etc/apt/preferences.d/*: No such file or directory
パッケージ状態を保存
# dpkg --get-selections "*" > wheezy-curr-pkgs.txt
パッケージ状態がholdのものを確認。
# dpkg --get-selections | grep 'hold$'
proposed-updates セクションがないことを確認。
# grep proposed-updates /etc/apt/sources.list
パッケージ状態をチェック。再インストールを求められているので再インストール。
# dpkg --audit The following packages are missing the md5sums control file in the database, they need to be reinstalled: rxvt VT102 terminal emulator for the X Window System # apt-get --reinstall install rxvt Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded. Need to get 227 kB of archives. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main rxvt amd64 1:2.6.4-14 [227 kB] Fetched 227 kB in 0s (996 kB/s) (Reading database ... 156372 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace rxvt 1:2.6.4-14 (using .../rxvt_1%3a2.6.4-14_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement rxvt ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up rxvt (1:2.6.4-14) ... update-alternatives: error: no alternatives for rclock # dpkg --audit
/etc/apt/sources.list の内容確認。非公式のリポジトリはなさそうなのでそのまま進む。
# grep -v -e "^[ \t]*#" -e "^$" /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian wheezy main deb-src http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian wheezy main deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main
リポジトリを wheezy から jessie に修正。最終的には以下。
# vi /etc/apt/sources.list # grep -v -e "^[ \t]*#" -e "^$" /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian jessie main deb-src http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian jessie main deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main deb-src http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main
/ と /usr がマウントされている場所と、マウント先が rw かを調べる。
# df /usr Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/disk/by-uuid/********-****-****-****-************ 9611492 5038120 4085132 56% / # df / Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/disk/by-uuid/********-****-****-****-************ 9611492 5038120 4085132 56% / # cat /proc/mounts rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0 (snip)
scriptでセッション内容を記録しておく。
# script -t 2>~/upgrade-jessie.time -a ~/upgrade-jessie.script Script started, file is /root/upgrade-jessie.script
パッケージリスト更新
# apt-get update Get:1 http://ftp.jp.debian.org jessie Release.gpg [2390 B] Get:2 http://ftp.jp.debian.org jessie Release [126 kB] Get:3 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates Release.gpg [1571 B] Get:4 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates Release [61.5 kB] Get:5 http://ftp.jp.debian.org jessie/main Sources [7065 kB] Get:6 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main Sources [21.5 kB] Get:7 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main amd64 Packages [39.1 kB] Get:8 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main Translation-en [20.5 kB] Get:9 http://ftp.jp.debian.org jessie/main amd64 Packages [6765 kB] Get:10 http://ftp.jp.debian.org jessie/main Translation-en [4585 kB] Fetched 18.7 MB in 7s (2666 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done
アップグレードに必要な空き領域の確認。今回は1617MB程度必要で、/の空き領域が4GB程度あるので大丈夫そう。
# apt-get -o APT::Get::Trivial-Only=true dist-upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages will be REMOVED: (snip) The following NEW packages will be installed: (snip) 922 upgraded, 275 newly installed, 30 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 1617 MB of archives. After this operation, 720 MB of additional disk space will be used. E: Trivial Only specified but this is not a trivial operation. # df / Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/disk/by-uuid/********-****-****-****-************ 9611492 5038120 4085132 56% /
まずはシステムの最小アップグレード。途中でアップグレードされるパッケージの情報がpagerで表示される、pagerはqを押して終了。
# apt-get upgrade
ディスク領域に余裕がなければこの後にcleanしておく
# apt-get clean
その後システムのアップグレード。sshやopenvpnデーモンの再起動がかかるけれど、接続は自動で回復する。基本的にはパッケージメンテナの設定ファイルを採用する。
# apt-get dist-upgrade
上の作業でパッケージメンテナの設定ファイルを採用したものについては手作業で必要な設定を書き込む。
# vimdiff /etc/fuse.conf /etc/fuse.conf.dpkg-old # vimdiff /etc/schroot/default/fstab /etc/schroot/default/fstab.dpkg-old
削除されたパッケージを完全消去する。
# dpkg -l | awk '/^rc/ { print $2 }'
defoma
libaudit0
libdrm-nouveau1
libept1
libgcj10
libgs8
libgvc5
libkadm5srv-mit8:amd64
libmagick++3
libmagickcore3
libmagickwand3
libpango1.0-common
libpoppler5
libxmlrpc-c3
portmap
texlive-doc-base
x-ttcidfont-conf
# apt-get purge $(dpkg -l | awk '/^rc/ { print $2 }')
再起動
# shutdown -r now
アップグレードによって大量のパッケージがキャッシュされる。これを削除。下の例では1199個のファイルと1.5GBの領域が使われている。apt-get cleanで削除する。
# ls /var/cache/apt/archives/ | wc 1199 1199 40652 # du -c /var/cache/apt/archives/ 4 /var/cache/apt/archives/partial 1585776 /var/cache/apt/archives/ 1585776 total # apt-get clean # du -c /var/cache/apt/archives/ 4 /var/cache/apt/archives/partial 80 /var/cache/apt/archives/ 80 total
忘れられているパッケージを削除し、完全削除する。
# apt-get autoremove
# apt-get purge $(dpkg -l | awk '/^rc/ { print $2 }')
いくつかperlスクリプトが動かなくなったので。検索パスを調べるとやっぱり変わってる。
# perl -le "print foreach @INC;" /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.14.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.14.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.14 /usr/share/perl/5.14 /usr/local/lib/site_perl .
perlモジュールのそれっぽい所を探すと古いディレクトリがたくさん。
# perl -le "print foreach @INC;" /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.20.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.20.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.20 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.20 /usr/share/perl/5.20 /usr/local/lib/site_perl . # find / -name '*5.14.2*' -type d /usr/local/lib/perl/5.14.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.14.2 /usr/lib/perl/5.14.2 # ls -latr -d /usr/local/lib/perl/* /usr/local/share/perl/* /usr/lib/perl/* drwxr-sr-x 107 root staff 4096 May 4 2013 /usr/local/share/perl/5.10.1 drwxr-sr-x 47 root staff 4096 May 8 2013 /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 2013 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1 drwxrwsr-x 55 root staff 4096 Apr 17 18:29 /usr/local/lib/perl/5.14.2 drwxrwsr-x 123 root staff 4096 Apr 20 18:25 /usr/local/share/perl/5.14.2 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 27 12:58 /usr/lib/perl/5.14.2 drwxrwsr-x 57 root staff 4096 Apr 27 15:10 /usr/local/share/perl/5.20.2 # du -s /usr/local/lib/perl/* /usr/local/share/perl/* /usr/lib/perl/* 47432 /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1 82780 /usr/local/lib/perl/5.14.2 59376 /usr/local/share/perl/5.10.1 57812 /usr/local/share/perl/5.14.2 33536 /usr/local/share/perl/5.20.2 532 /usr/lib/perl/5.10.1 1536 /usr/lib/perl/5.14.2