あとから結果を比較するために、まずはいつもどおり手作業でパーティション作成。
# parted /dev/sdz GNU Parted 2.3 Using /dev/sdz Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) mklabel gpt Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdz will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue? Yes/No? Yes (parted) unit s (parted) mkpart primary ext4 2048s -1s Warning: You requested a partition from 2048s to 5860533167s. The closest location we can manage is 2048s to 5860533134s. Is this still acceptable to you? Yes/No? Yes (parted) align-check optimal 1 1 aligned (parted) print Model: ATA WDC WD30EZRX-00D (scsi) Disk /dev/sdz: 5860533168s Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 2048s 5860533134s 5860531087s primary (parted) quit Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
できたパーティションを parted と fdisk で表示すると以下のようになる。
# parted /dev/sdz -- unit s print Model: ATA WDC WD30EZRX-00D (scsi) Disk /dev/sdz: 5860533168s Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 2048s 5860533134s 5860531087s primary # fdisk -l /dev/sdz WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdz'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdz: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders, total 5860533168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdz1 1 4294967295 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
スクリプト化した場合は以下。基本的には引数 (parted コマンド) を変えながら何度も parted を呼んでいるだけ。Yes と答えることすらめんどくさければ yes Yes | を for の前につける。ちょっと表示がおかしくなる (ただし結果は一緒) 点が問題。
# for CMD in 'mklabel gpt' 'unit s mkpart primary ext4 2048s -1s' 'align-check optimal 1' 'unit s print' ; do parted --align optimal /dev/sdz -- ${CMD}; done
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdz will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?
Yes/No? Yes
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
Warning: You requested a partition from 2048s to 5860533167s.
The closest location we can manage is 2048s to 5860533134s.
Is this still acceptable to you?
Yes/No? Yes
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
1 aligned
Model: ATA WDC WD30EZRX-00D (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdz: 5860533168s
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 2048s 5860533134s 5860531087s primary
スクリプト化したことでできたパーティションを parted と fdisk で表示すると以下のようになる。手作業と同じ結果が得られている事がわかる。
# parted /dev/sdz -- unit s print Model: ATA WDC WD30EZRX-00D (scsi) Disk /dev/sdz: 5860533168s Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 2048s 5860533134s 5860531087s primary # fdisk -l /dev/sdz WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdz'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdz: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders, total 5860533168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdz1 1 4294967295 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
あとはいつもどおり ext4 でフォーマットして作成したパーティションの詳細情報、速度計測など。事前に S.M.A.R.T. を使った HDD 温度監視は止めておきます。フォーマットにかかった時間は 4.7 日。
# time mkfs -t ext4 -m 0 -c -c /dev/sdz1
mke2fs 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
183148544 inodes, 732566385 blocks
0 blocks (0.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=0
22357 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544
Testing with pattern 0xaa: done
Reading and comparing: done
Testing with pattern 0x55: done
Reading and comparing: done
Testing with pattern 0xff: done
Reading and comparing: done
Testing with pattern 0x00: done
Reading and comparing: done
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
real 6736m30.536s
user 810m28.583s
sys 325m28.504s
# tune2fs -l /dev/sdz1
tune2fs 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)
Filesystem volume name: <none>
Last mounted on: <not available>
Filesystem UUID: ********-****-****-****-************
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash
Default mount options: user_xattr acl
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count: 183148544
Block count: 732566385
Reserved block count: 0
Free blocks: 721019563
Free inodes: 183148533
First block: 0
Block size: 4096
Fragment size: 4096
Reserved GDT blocks: 849
Blocks per group: 32768
Fragments per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8192
Inode blocks per group: 512
Flex block group size: 16
Filesystem created: ************************
Last mount time: n/a
Last write time: ************************
Mount count: 0
Maximum mount count: -1
Last checked: ************************
Check interval: 0 (<none>)
Lifetime writes: 137 MB
Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
First inode: 11
Inode size: 256
Required extra isize: 28
Desired extra isize: 28
Journal inode: 8
Default directory hash: half_md4
Directory Hash Seed: ********-****-****-****-************
Journal backup: inode blocks
# hdparm -I /dev/sdz
/dev/sdz:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: WDC WD30EZRX-00D8PB0
Serial Number: ***************
Firmware Revision: 80.00A80
Transport: Serial, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6, SATA Rev 3.0
Standards:
Supported: 9 8 7 6 5
Likely used: 9
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
--
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 5860533168
Logical Sector size: 512 bytes
Physical Sector size: 4096 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 2861588 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 3000592 MBytes (3000 GB)
cache/buffer size = unknown
Nominal Media Rotation Rate: 5400
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Queue depth: 32
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, with device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 *udma5 udma6
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
* Write cache
* Look-ahead
* Host Protected Area feature set
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* NOP cmd
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
Power-Up In Standby feature set
* SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up
SET_MAX security extension
* 48-bit Address feature set
* Device Configuration Overlay feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
* SMART error logging
* SMART self-test
* General Purpose Logging feature set
* 64-bit World wide name
* WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command
* {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
* Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
* Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
* Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
* Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
* Host-initiated interface power management
* Phy event counters
* NCQ priority information
* unknown 76[15]
DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
Device-initiated interface power management
* Software settings preservation
* SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
* SCT LBA Segment Access (AC2)
* SCT Features Control (AC4)
* SCT Data Tables (AC5)
unknown 206[12] (vendor specific)
unknown 206[13] (vendor specific)
unknown 206[14] (vendor specific)
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
not frozen
not expired: security count
supported: enhanced erase
436min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 436min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: ****************
NAA : 5
IEEE OUI : ******
Unique ID : *********
Checksum: correct
# hdparm -Tt /dev/sdz
/dev/sdz:
Timing cached reads: 378 MB in 2.00 seconds = 188.93 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 230 MB in 3.01 seconds = 76.45 MB/sec
# hdparm -Tt /dev/sdz
/dev/sdz:
Timing cached reads: 378 MB in 2.01 seconds = 188.23 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 242 MB in 3.02 seconds = 80.13 MB/sec
# hdparm -Tt /dev/sdz
/dev/sdz:
Timing cached reads: 378 MB in 2.00 seconds = 188.74 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 242 MB in 3.01 seconds = 80.31 MB/sec
# hdparm -Tt /dev/sdz
/dev/sdz:
Timing cached reads: 378 MB in 2.01 seconds = 188.44 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 184 MB in 3.01 seconds = 61.20 MB/sec
# hdparm -Tt /dev/sdz
/dev/sdz:
Timing cached reads: 378 MB in 2.01 seconds = 188.42 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 242 MB in 3.01 seconds = 80.29 MB/sec